titanium casting shrinkage behavior also medical titanium plate

Titanium tube shrinkage behavior change

 Like other metals, titanium casting shrinkage behavior also experiencing solidification from the liquid to the solid state and then changes

Such behavior will usually shrink shrinkage and linear medical titanium plate‍ shrinkage divided . Shrinkage reflects the titanium casting process changed the entire volume of

Technology , due to the shrinkage amount equal to the total concentration of shrinkage of the casting volume plus the volume shrinkage , and therefore caused alloy casting process condensate

Solid body shrinkage behavior and alloys contraction , determine titanium standards‍ drilling alloy shrinkage, shrinkage defects characteristic for understanding titanium tube shrink

Forming a hole shrinkage defects is important.

    Important factors include titanium alloy solidification shrinkage tube elements , mold materials and mold structure. Since the alloying elements

Will ring -shaped titanium tube crystallization temperature titanium strip‍ interval , as its effects on liquidity , like titanium tube depends primarily on the solidification shrinkage

Characterized in that alloying elements , i.e., the size of the crystallization temperature of the titanium alloy is formed between the spacing elements on . Crystallization temperature

Degree intervals narrow eutectic alloy tube good fluidity, easy to form a concentrated shrinkage, while the crystallization temperature interval wide titanium tube mobility

Poor, easy to form a dispersion of shrinkage, ie shrinkage .‍

High temperature titanium rods mainly Tilloo surgical implant titanium

Titanium rods can withstand high temperatures range 

   High temperature titanium rods mainly Tilloo, medical titanium plate‍ IMI834, Ti6242, BT20, mainly used for aero-engine structures. To meet the special requirements of high-temperature and high-temperature creep strength, which Till00 and IMI834 the temperature up to 600 ℃. 

     In order to improve the use of titanium rod temperature, reducing the weight of the material, titanium-aluminum-based metal between sets of objects has been attracting much attention, due to the difficulty of forging, casting more medical grade titanium‍ suitable for forming a titanium aluminum, has a lot of engine parts, or are ready to adopt titanium-aluminum-based material casting, the world's major engine manufacturers GE, PwA, Rolls-Roycc have asked for Ti-A1 metal compounds in-depth research, such as the United States Howmet TiAl low pressure turbine blades are studying, and used to replace the cast Inco713 leaves, using a temperature of 650-700 ℃; GE company is the Ti48A12Cr2Nb fifth stage low pressure turbine blades for the CF6-80C engine temperature titanium standards‍ up 760Y, successfully tested / 1500 analog K line cycle.

There are two isomeric titanium crystals surgical implant titanium

Titanium is a titanium- based alloy by adding other elements
There are two isomeric titanium crystals : Below 882 ℃ for the close-packed hexagonal structure α titanium , titanium above 882 ℃ for the body-centered cubic β .surgical implant titanium  Alloying elements according to their effect on the phase transition temperature can be divided into three categories : ① stable α -phase , improving the phase transition temperature of the elements of α stabilizing element , aluminum , carbon, oxygen and nitrogen . Which aluminum is the main alloying elements titanium, improving its strength at room temperature and high temperature alloys , lower specific gravity, increased elastic modulus have a significant effect . ② stable β -phase, reducing the element of the phase transition temperature of β stabilizing element , and can be divided isomorphous and eutectoid two . The former molybdenum , niobium, vanadium, etc. ; latter chromium, manganese, copper, iron , and silicon. ③ small element of the phase transition temperature of the neutral elements , zirconium and tin .
Oxygen, nitrogen, medical titanium plate carbon and hydrogen are the main impurities of titanium . Oxygen and nitrogen in the α phase has a greater solubility of the titanium alloy has a significant strengthening effect , but the plastic drop. Typically provide oxygen and nitrogen content of titanium in the 0.15 to 0.2% and 0.04 % to 0.05% or less , respectively . The solubility of hydrogen in the α phase is very small , titanium dissolved in excess hydride hydrogen will produce the alloy brittle. Titanium is usually controlled hydrogen content of 0.015% or less. The hydrogen dissolved in the titanium is reversible , vacuum annealing can be removed .

due to the shrinkage amount equal medical titanium bar

Titanium tube shrinkage behavior change

 Like other metals, titanium casting grade 2 titanium‍ shrinkage behavior also experiencing solidification from the liquid to the solid state and then changes

Such behavior will usually shrink shrinkage and linear shrinkage divided . Shrinkage reflects the titanium casting process changed the entire volume of

Technology , due to the shrinkage amount equal to the total concentration of shrinkage of the casting volume plus the volume shrinkage , and therefore caused alloy casting process condensate

Solid body shrinkage behavior and alloys contraction , surgical implant titanium‍ determine drilling alloy shrinkage, shrinkage defects characteristic for understanding titanium tube shrink

Forming a hole shrinkage defects is important.

    Important factors include titanium alloy solidification shrinkage tube elements , mold materials and mold structure. Since the alloying elements

Will ring -shaped titanium tube crystallization temperature interval , as its effects on liquidity , like titanium tube depends primarily on the solidification shrinkage

Characterized in that alloying elements , i.e., the size of the crystallization temperature of the titanium alloy is formed between the spacing elements on . Crystallization temperature

Degree intervals narrow eutectic alloy tube good fluidity, medical grade titanium alloy‍ easy to form a concentrated shrinkage, while the crystallization temperature interval wide titanium tube mobility

Poor, easy to form a dispersion of shrinkage, ie shrinkage .‍

Rolls-Roycc have asked for Ti-A1 metal medical titanium plate

Titanium rods can withstand high temperatures range 

   High temperature titanium rods mainly Tilloo, surgical implant titanium‍ IMI834, Ti6242, BT20, mainly used for aero-engine structures. To meet the special requirements of high-temperature and high-temperature creep strength, which Till00 and IMI834 the temperature up to 600 ℃. 

     In order to improve the use of titanium rod temperature, reducing the weight of the material, titanium-aluminum-based metal between sets of objects has been attracting much attention, due to the difficulty of forging, casting more suitable for forming a titanium aluminum, has a lot of engine parts, or are ready to adopt titanium-aluminum-based material casting, the world's major engine manufacturers GE, PwA, medical grade titanium alloy‍ Rolls-Roycc have asked for Ti-A1 metal compounds in-depth research, such as the United States Howmet TiAl low pressure turbine blades are studying, and used to replace the cast Inco713 leaves, using a temperature of 650-700 ℃; GE company is the Ti48A12Cr2Nb fifth stage low pressure turbine blades for the CF6-80C medical titanium plate‍ engine temperature up 760Y, successfully tested / 1500 analog K line cycle.

surgical implant titanium eliminates a lot of the subsequent processing steps

Cast titanium amazing development speed

  Into the 1950s , as the representative of the medical grade titanium alloy‍ United States Bureau of Mines research and production facilities for titanium casting technology in-depth research, development of the melting and casting process is suitable for titanium , which is a low-cost processing and forming of titanium alloys opened up a new path. As a method of casting forming complex shapes can be directly manufactured parts eliminates a lot of the subsequent processing steps , thus increasing material utilization and reduce manufacturing costs. According to statistics, titanium forgings material utilization is generally not more than 20 %, while the common titanium alloy casting material utilization is 50% , for precision casting is as high as 70% or more , which can be seen medical titanium plate‍ the great potential of titanium alloy casting .

    Hehe titanium castings in the aerospace engine usage and comparison of forgings , can be seen, titanium castings with clear growth trend will gradually reach the amount of titanium forgings for each equivalent level. In particular, the application of cast titanium in civilian areas , for example, if the casting can be mass produced with great golf club head , which promote the use and development of cast titanium alloys . In China, for example , titanium plates for sale‍ the country 's GDP growth in recent years, casting titanium rose more than tenfold. I cast titanium alloy and is in a stage of rapid development .

medical titanium plate announced the first batch of provincial

Promote the development of strategic emerging industries in Guangdong titanium and other industries

Recently, Guangdong Province, announced the first batch of provincial list of strategic emerging industries backbone enterprises , mainly in Guangdong Fuyuan Rare Earth New Materials Co., Ltd., Huizhou Wei Li billion , Ltd. and other 50 enterprises , medical titanium plate‍ which will stimulate the non-ferrous metals development, and a good opportunity for development.

September 2010 , the State Council energy saving and environmental protection, new generation of information technology, biotechnology , high-end equipment manufacturing, new energy, new materials and new energy vehicles, seven strategic emerging industries , and pointed to nurture become the leading industries and pillar industries of the national economy .

The first strategic emerging industries in Guangdong backbone enterprises in this context is generated .

It is understood that these 50 enterprises in Guangdong Huizhou, respectively Unihero Semiconductor Lighting Technology Co., Ltd. , Guangdong Fuyuan Rare Earth New Materials New Materials Co., Ltd., Shenzhen BYD Auto Co., Ltd., and other new energy vehicles , the development of these companies are from not open some of the key applications of metallic materials , such as lithium , tungsten, molybdenum , titanium, antimony , medical titanium plate‍ rare earth and other small metal , which will bring opportunities for the development of non-ferrous metals .

Vice President of China Nonferrous Metals Industry Association ShangFuShan Speaking "Twelve Five" China's nonferrous metals industry task when it comes to attention to " strategic emerging industries nonferrous metals under development opportunities ." He pointed out that , to accelerate the development of new materials related to non-ferrous metals , are: high performance copper, aluminum, magnesium , tungsten, molybdenum , tantalum, niobium alloys ; performance rare earth materials ; High Performance precious metals ; high performance polycrystalline silicon, single crystalline silicon material ; high performance battery materials ; superconducting materials.

Experts believe that promoting the development of emerging strategic industries will result in some small metal revaluation , and stimulate the development of high-end products, basic metals .

"Twelve Five-Year" period, China's production capacity to form a surgical implant titanium‍ group of high-end products , including high-precision copper plates with 600,000 tons , 850,000 tons of precision copper , 500,000 tons of electrolytic copper foil .

medical titanium bar aluminum magnesium alloy instead of the automotive

Clouds Metal: World leading magnesium alloy

Magnesium alloys because of its greater toughness, hardness and light weight characteristics , widely used in automotive and 3C products in the field of information technology , aluminum magnesium alloy instead of the automotive medical titanium bar‍ industry will be the future trend of development . China's new auto industry policy proposed to vigorously foster and develop new energy automotive industry , and actively promote energy conservation of traditional energy vehicles , and properly solve the energy , transport , environment and other issues arising from the rapid development of automobile industry in 2020 as the initial construction automotive industry powerhouse. Magnesium alloys in energy conservation, low-carbon environment has unique attributes advantage, cars are the main areas for future consumption of magnesium alloy , magnesium alloy applications in automotive lightweight prospect areas will be very broad. We focus on the magnesium alloy leading companies : clouds of metal .

Clouds metal is mainly engaged in the production and sales of magnesium alloy and aluminum , magnesium extraction from raw dolomite ( calcium magnesium carbonate ) . Is one of the world's largest manufacturer of professional magnesium alloy production capacity for many years ranked first in the country , is China 's leading enterprises magnesium alloy production .

The company is basically in the form of magnesium from magnesium ore industry - primary magnesium - magnesium alloy - a complete industrial chain layout die casting . Magnesium ore areas: In January 2008, a wholly owned subsidiary company of clouds Magnesium five five dolomite mineral mining rights , the production scale of 108,000 tons / year. June 2010 , a wholly owned subsidiary of Chaohu Magnesium clouds made ​​of titanium bar‍ moss mountain magnesium ore and metallurgical dolomite mining rights , magnesium ore ( smelting magnesium dolomite ) the amount of 49,153,100 tons of ore , metallurgical dolomite ore 3,967,800 tons. Magnesium resources by expanding upstream , the company five clouds Magnesium 50,000 tons of magnesium alloy and Chaohu Magnesium Resources clouds of 100,000 tons of magnesium alloy to achieve a 100% self-sufficiency rate . The Suzhou clouds currently 40,000 tons of magnesium alloy production capacity of the main raw material is scrap downstream users , resource supply is guaranteed. Magnesium alloy : The company currently has 90,000 tons of production capacity , including Suzhou and Shanxi Wutai clouds clouds Magnesium Magnesium Magnesium alloy two production bases in Suzhou clouds current production capacity of 40,000 tons , five additional 20,000 tons of clouds 2010 production capacity to about 50,000 tons . The company also invested in Chaohu 100,000 tons of magnesium alloy construction projects , according to the plan Chaohu clouds 100,000 tons of magnesium alloy project will be built in two phases , respectively, 50,000 tons of production capacity in 2011 and 2013 , so in 2011 , in 2013 the company magnesium alloy production capacity will reach 140,000 tons , 190,000 tons . Casting : the company 's IPO raised an annual 5,000 tons of cast magnesium alloy die castings transformation projects at April 30, 2009 has reached its intended use project status date . However, due to the long certification and automotive products development cycle , the majority of product development at the trial stage of development is not mass production , leading the company 's sales volume die casting product does not meet the requirements of project planning , capacity underutilization , resulting in failure to achieve the expected benefits , along with product certification and the completion of the development , the income will gradually die casting outbreak .

Three quarters of 2010 EPS was 0.14 yuan , 0.16 yuan for the medical titanium plate‍ whole year is expected . As the company where the future development of magnesium alloy industry a huge space , and the company for the industry giant, while aluminum production capacity expansion for the performance of the company to provide some support , is expected to net profit CAGR for 2010-2012 could reach more than 100%. 2011 corresponding to earnings ratio of around 60 times . Outlook worthy of attention !

surgical implant titanium Titanium dioxide industry and coatings

Coatings industry will promote the 2011 increase production of titanium dioxide 

Titanium dioxide industry and coatings surgical implant titanium‍ industry is closely related to the upper and lower division. In 2009, the Chinese paint annual 7,554,000 t, where the amount of titanium dioxide up to 824,000 t, 10.4% of paint production. 

With the development of the coatings industry, the growth of high-grade paint, coating of titanium dioxide requirements will remain double-digit growth in 2010, China's consumption of titanium dioxide coatings industry will reach 950 000 t, 2011 annual demand will be over one million t , close to 1.1 million t. Although production of titanium dioxide at current growth rates speculated that 2011 production may reach 125-150 square him, but can not meet the demand for high-end quality paint industry rutile titanium dioxide, is expected to need to import 30-20 million t of rutile titanium dioxide to meet the medical titanium plate‍ needs of the Chinese coatings industry. China coatings industry as titanium dioxide industry has left a large space for development of high-grade titanium dioxide, titanium dioxide product structure change, development and production of high-grade titanium dioxide, to meet with automotive paint to represent the needs of the development of high-grade paint.

titanium axles Hot isostatic pressing is a titanium alloy tube creep

Titanium How hot isostatic processing techniques tube 

    Titanium tube hot isostatic pressing (HIP) is a newly grade 1 titanium sheet‍ developed powder metallurgy processing methods, has been widely used titanium alloy tube casting process, especially in aviation precision castings, titanium tube processing to improve internal casting metallurgical defects to improve the mechanical properties and stability of the casting. 

     Hot isostatic pressing is a titanium alloy tube creep, diffusion process. The treatment temperature is generally (0.6 and 0.9) Ts, where Ts is the absolute temperature of the alloy solidus value. Titanium alloy to be treated is higher than the working pressure in the pipe yield strength and high temperature creep strength of the alloy capable of plastic flow when processing, so that the porosity, porosity defects closed up by a titanium spring wire‍ process requires a longer time or 2h to complete. Typical titanium tube hot isostatic pressing process temperature, pressure force and the time of change.

medical titanium plate To select an electrolytic refining process of titanium

Research electrolytic refining titanium tube technology issues

    After studying the literature , we did not use a grade 1 titanium sheet‍ non- aqueous medium and low temperature electrolysis of aqueous medium titanium tube method . Studied only the alkali metal and alkaline earth metal chlorides and fluorides consisting of salt melt and dissolved titanium compound. We know that a titanium 600 elements 900 ℃, gas (oxygen , nitrogen ) having a high reactivity , these impurities affect the mechanical properties of titanium , taking into account the impurities in the electrochemical process of Basking melt transfer medium titanium tube into the possibility of precipitation on the cathode , so we set ourselves a task - to establish the cell , in this cell to be able to ensure reliable external impurities in inert atmosphere and eliminate the possibility of contaminated electrolyte . In principle the use of certain widely used in modern technology , we are and how long after the test after a long quest to design and manufacture a large-scale experimental device , it can solve the problem in the electrolysis of pure titanium used in the relevant type electrolyte melt . In this device all the technical rules to determine the main electrolytic titanium tube test . Only in individual cases , in order to identify some of the issues , and only then move to a small laboratory tests on the device .

    To select an electrolytic refining process of titanium , titanium titanium spring wire‍ various compounds tested . Electrolysis of titanium trichloride, titanium tetrachloride, titanium fluoride , potassium titanium dioxide.

    Titanium trichloride having a high solubility in an alkali metal chloride into the electrolyte body . When the melt lift trichloride concentration - the timing of the electrolysis ; electrolysis precipitated on the titanium metal cathode , and deposited on the anode chloride , titanium ingot out of the electrolytic cell, and chlorine is here and after a combination of hydrogen supplied to the anode chloride .

    Because when not to use high-temperature electrolysis hydrogen , so start looking for other low-cost manufacturing methods chloride in the melt. Has been determined, if introduced into the graphite tube along the current, while the steam through the grade 1 titanium wire‍ graphite tube feeding TiCli , the current can disintegration of titanium tetrachloride reduction .

grade 1 titanium rod The tube is filled with distilled water and vacuum means

Why study the reaction of titanium plates with steam

 Tests carried out in a vacuum apparatus with a quartz microbalance in the spring . Reading accuracy is 4 × 10 - sample surface g / cm . Mercury manometer measuring system connected to the reaction chamber using the pressure .

    Titanium iodide as a sample . Breaking titanium strip cold rolled to a rod 0.7 mm thick . Then cut the strip size is 9 × 25 mm sample . In order to eventually remove surface dirt , before the test sample with a finely sandpaper and etched in 7% HNO3 solution in HF .

    The tube is filled with distilled water and vacuum means connected to the plug and the device as a source of water vapor . In order to remove the dissolved grade 1 titanium sheet‍ water gasification will remain for some time in the water under the stars . Samples were heated to a predetermined temperature in a vacuum after the tube with water and the system is turned on, and set up the equilibrium vapor pressure corresponds to the temperature in the system . When the system is full , the system is filled with water and cut off the tube , and then tested in a closed volume .

    Under 800,850,900 and 950 ℃ and 14 mm Hg vapor pressure tested titanium plate and steam reaction .

    Kinetics of these tests indicate that , in the beginning stage of the reaction , the reaction with water vapor titanium plates subject to the parabolic law . After the reaction started after a certain period of time becomes linear parabolic law rule.

    In order to identify the effect of pressure on the reaction rate , once at 4 mm Hg pressure two experiments .

    Titanium plate during the reaction and steam , and any of metals, and also the reaction gas , is composed by a number of successive stages , in which the main are: 1 ) titanium spring wire‍ the gas molecules collide with the metal , 2 ) gas molecules adsorbed on the metal surface 3 ) the dissociation of the gas molecules , 4 ) through the surface of the film agent diffusion reaction product , 5 ) chemical reaction.

    The reaction rate depends on the speed of the pro stage . It was found that the reaction pressure is reduced because the rate of 5 /6 and steam manganese remains unchanged , so it should be acknowledged that the reaction speed depends on the diffusion of the reagents through the surface of the membrane , grade 1 titanium wire‍ since it is the only one speed stage and the gas pressure independent .