Titanium is a highly reactive metal element. Most of the elements in the periodic table it can happen a role. But enough to affect the formation and properties of titanium only those continuous or discontinuous solid solution elements . These elements according to their titanium is allotropic transformation temperature effects can be divided into three categories.
Wherein the carbon, oxygen , Xinnuo titanium whole
distributor nitrogen , hydrogen, and sometimes also include silicon, iron, or the subject material into the processing inevitably generally called residual impurity element or elements . These elements can improve the strength of titanium and titanium alloy , ductility decreases , and even the fracture toughness, low temperature toughness, fatigue properties , corrosion resistance, and cold formability deteriorates weldability . Which affect carbon, oxygen , nitrogen, hydrogen , etc. The most intense. Therefore, in titanium and titanium alloys , impurity elements are specified for their maximum allowable levels .Xinnuo titanium stockist Other elements ( sometimes including iron, silicon ) began to be intentionally added content in the range of titanium and titanium alloys , in order to change its organization and performance , so that the alloying elements .
tupian
2014年1月20日星期一
Heat treatment of medical titanium plate and titanium alloy which
Heat treatment of titanium alloys are:
( 1 ) stress relief annealing : the aim is to eliminate or reduce the residual stress generated during processing . Prevent chemical erosion and reduce distortion in some corrosive environments .
( 2 ) complete annealing: the purpose is to obtain a good toughness , improved workability ,Xinnuo titanium axles and is conducive to further processing and to improve the dimensional stability of the organization .
( 3 ) solution treatment and aging : The purpose is to increase its strength , α β titanium and titanium alloys can not be stable strengthening heat treatment , carried out only in the production of annealing . Xinnuo medical titanium bars α + β titanium alloys , titanium and metastable β phase may contain small amounts of α by solution treatment and aging the alloy is further strengthened.
( 1 ) stress relief annealing : the aim is to eliminate or reduce the residual stress generated during processing . Prevent chemical erosion and reduce distortion in some corrosive environments .
( 2 ) complete annealing: the purpose is to obtain a good toughness , improved workability ,Xinnuo titanium axles and is conducive to further processing and to improve the dimensional stability of the organization .
( 3 ) solution treatment and aging : The purpose is to increase its strength , α β titanium and titanium alloys can not be stable strengthening heat treatment , carried out only in the production of annealing . Xinnuo medical titanium bars α + β titanium alloys , titanium and metastable β phase may contain small amounts of α by solution treatment and aging the alloy is further strengthened.
2014年1月19日星期日
Introduces the basics of titanium plate
From discovery to obtain pure titanium products, which lasted a hundred years . The use of titanium really get familiar with its original true , it is the 1940s after the thing .
Geography ten kilometers thick surface strata, containing up to six thousandths of titanium , copper and more than 61 times . Just a handful of dirt from the ground , which contains a few thousandths of titanium , the world's reserves of more than ten million tons of titanium is not rare .
Result of tons of sand and gravel , both titanium and zirconium minerals heavier than the sand on the beach , they mixed in sand , the sea millions of years after panning around the clock , the heavier ilmenite and zircon sands washed together in the long coast , forming a layer of titanium and zirconium in a seam . This seam is a black sand , there are usually a few centimeters to tens of centimeters thick.
Titanium is not magnetic , nuclear submarines built with titanium magnetic mines do not have to worry about attacks .
In 1947, people began smelting of titanium in the factory . That year, the yield is only 2 tons . 1955 annual production surged to 20,000 tons . In 1972 , the annual output reached 20 million tons. Titanium and steel hardness similar and almost half of its volume with the steel weight of titanium , although slightly heavier than aluminum, its hardness than Al 2 times . Now, rockets and missiles in the universe , on a range of titanium instead of steel . According to statistics, currently the world's titanium year for astronautics , and has reached more than one thousand tons of titanium powder fine , good or rocket fuel , so titanium metal known universe , space metal .
Good heat resistance of titanium , high melting point 1725 ℃. At room temperature, titanium can be safe to lay a variety of acid and alkali solution . Even the most ferocious acid - aqua regia , nor corrode it . Titanium is not afraid of the sea , was once a titanium sink to the bottom , the next five years to take up a look at the many small animals and stick undersea plants, but he is not rusty , still shiny .
Now, people began to use titanium to make submarines - titanium submarines. Because titanium is very strong, can withstand high pressure, this submarine can sail at a depth of 4,500 meters in the deep sea .
Corrosion resistance of titanium , so the chemical industry often use to it . In the past, chemical reactor components are installed with hot nitric acid with the stainless steel . Stainless steel is also afraid that a strong corrosive - hot nitric acid , every six months , all such components should be replaced . Now, the components manufactured with titanium , although the cost of more expensive than stainless steel member , it can be used continuously years , but it is advantageous much calculation .
The biggest drawback of titanium is difficult to extract . Mainly because of the titanium compound at a high temperature capability, with oxygen , carbon, nitrogen compounds , and many other elements . Therefore , regardless of the smelting or foundry , people are careful to prevent these elements " invasion " of titanium . In the smelting of titanium , when air and water, of course, is strictly prohibited close , and even common metallurgical alumina crucible also banned, because titanium oxide would wrest from the alumina inside . Now , people use magnesium and titanium tetrachloride in an inert gas - phase separation of helium or argon , to extract titanium.
People use titanium compounds at high temperatures characteristic strong ability in steelmaking , when nitrogen is easily dissolved in the steel water, when the ingot cooling when the ingot is formed bubbles affect the quality of steel. So Riga into the molten steel workers to the metal titanium, making it the nitrification into a slag - titanium nitride , floating on the molten steel surface , so that the ingot is more pure.
When the supersonic aircraft , its wing temperature can reach 500 ℃. As with a relatively heat-resistant aluminum alloy wing , one to twenty-three Baidu will be too much , and there must be a light , and tough , and high temperature materials instead of aluminum acetate titanium just to meet these requirements. Titanium can withstand the test of minus 140 degrees , in this cold , still has good toughness of titanium rather than brittle.
The use of titanium and zirconium strong absorption of air , the air can be removed , resulting in a vacuum . For example , the use of a vacuum pump made of titanium , can only air pumped hundreds of thousands of square millionth .
Titanium oxide - titanium dioxide, a white powder , is the best white pigment , commonly known as titanium dioxide . Previously, people mining titanium , the main purpose is to obtain titanium dioxide. Strong adhesion of titanium dioxide , a chemical change is not easy , is always white . Titanium extraordinary valuable is non-toxic . Its high melting point, is used to make fire-resistant glass , glaze , enamel , clay, utensils and other high-temperature experiments .
Titanium dioxide is the most white stuff , 1 g of titanium dioxide can put more than 450 cm2 in area painted white . It is commonly used white pigment than one - lithopone whiter five times , thus modulating the best white paint pigment . Titanium dioxide pigment used in the world , more than a year to tens of tons. Titanium dioxide can be added in a paper ,Xinnuo titanium standard part the paper white and opaque , the effect is 10 times larger than any other substance , therefore , we should banknote paper and art paper plus titanium dioxide. In addition , in order to lighten the color of the plastic to make rayon soft gloss, and sometimes also added titanium dioxide. In the rubber industry, titanium dioxide is also used as a filler of white rubber.
Titanium tetrachloride is an interesting liquid , which has a pungent smell shares , will be great in the wet air white smoke - it is hydrolyzed into white titanium dioxide hydrogel . In the military , people took advantage of titanium tetrachloride, which shares a strange temper, as artificial aerosols. Extraordinary in the ocean, water vapor and more, a release of titanium tetrachloride, a white smoke as the Great Wall , blocking the enemy's line of sight. In agriculture, the use of titanium tetrafluoride people to frost .
Barium titanate crystals have such characteristics : when it changes shape under pressure , generates electricity, a power will change the shape . Thus , the barium titanate in an ultrasonic people , and it will produce a current pressure , the size of the current generated by it can detect the strength of the ultrasonic wave . Conversely , a high frequency current through it , it can generate an ultrasonic wave. Now , almost all of the ultrasonic instrument, to be used in barium titanate .Xinnuo titanium stockists In addition, there are many uses of barium titanate . For example: railway workers put it on the tracks below , to measure the pressure when the train passed ; doctors use it made of pulse logger. Barium titanate to do with underwater detectors, underwater eye is sharp , it is not only able to see the fish , but also you can see the reef , icebergs and enemy submarines under the water and so on .
Geography ten kilometers thick surface strata, containing up to six thousandths of titanium , copper and more than 61 times . Just a handful of dirt from the ground , which contains a few thousandths of titanium , the world's reserves of more than ten million tons of titanium is not rare .
Result of tons of sand and gravel , both titanium and zirconium minerals heavier than the sand on the beach , they mixed in sand , the sea millions of years after panning around the clock , the heavier ilmenite and zircon sands washed together in the long coast , forming a layer of titanium and zirconium in a seam . This seam is a black sand , there are usually a few centimeters to tens of centimeters thick.
Titanium is not magnetic , nuclear submarines built with titanium magnetic mines do not have to worry about attacks .
In 1947, people began smelting of titanium in the factory . That year, the yield is only 2 tons . 1955 annual production surged to 20,000 tons . In 1972 , the annual output reached 20 million tons. Titanium and steel hardness similar and almost half of its volume with the steel weight of titanium , although slightly heavier than aluminum, its hardness than Al 2 times . Now, rockets and missiles in the universe , on a range of titanium instead of steel . According to statistics, currently the world's titanium year for astronautics , and has reached more than one thousand tons of titanium powder fine , good or rocket fuel , so titanium metal known universe , space metal .
Good heat resistance of titanium , high melting point 1725 ℃. At room temperature, titanium can be safe to lay a variety of acid and alkali solution . Even the most ferocious acid - aqua regia , nor corrode it . Titanium is not afraid of the sea , was once a titanium sink to the bottom , the next five years to take up a look at the many small animals and stick undersea plants, but he is not rusty , still shiny .
Now, people began to use titanium to make submarines - titanium submarines. Because titanium is very strong, can withstand high pressure, this submarine can sail at a depth of 4,500 meters in the deep sea .
Corrosion resistance of titanium , so the chemical industry often use to it . In the past, chemical reactor components are installed with hot nitric acid with the stainless steel . Stainless steel is also afraid that a strong corrosive - hot nitric acid , every six months , all such components should be replaced . Now, the components manufactured with titanium , although the cost of more expensive than stainless steel member , it can be used continuously years , but it is advantageous much calculation .
The biggest drawback of titanium is difficult to extract . Mainly because of the titanium compound at a high temperature capability, with oxygen , carbon, nitrogen compounds , and many other elements . Therefore , regardless of the smelting or foundry , people are careful to prevent these elements " invasion " of titanium . In the smelting of titanium , when air and water, of course, is strictly prohibited close , and even common metallurgical alumina crucible also banned, because titanium oxide would wrest from the alumina inside . Now , people use magnesium and titanium tetrachloride in an inert gas - phase separation of helium or argon , to extract titanium.
People use titanium compounds at high temperatures characteristic strong ability in steelmaking , when nitrogen is easily dissolved in the steel water, when the ingot cooling when the ingot is formed bubbles affect the quality of steel. So Riga into the molten steel workers to the metal titanium, making it the nitrification into a slag - titanium nitride , floating on the molten steel surface , so that the ingot is more pure.
When the supersonic aircraft , its wing temperature can reach 500 ℃. As with a relatively heat-resistant aluminum alloy wing , one to twenty-three Baidu will be too much , and there must be a light , and tough , and high temperature materials instead of aluminum acetate titanium just to meet these requirements. Titanium can withstand the test of minus 140 degrees , in this cold , still has good toughness of titanium rather than brittle.
The use of titanium and zirconium strong absorption of air , the air can be removed , resulting in a vacuum . For example , the use of a vacuum pump made of titanium , can only air pumped hundreds of thousands of square millionth .
Titanium oxide - titanium dioxide, a white powder , is the best white pigment , commonly known as titanium dioxide . Previously, people mining titanium , the main purpose is to obtain titanium dioxide. Strong adhesion of titanium dioxide , a chemical change is not easy , is always white . Titanium extraordinary valuable is non-toxic . Its high melting point, is used to make fire-resistant glass , glaze , enamel , clay, utensils and other high-temperature experiments .
Titanium dioxide is the most white stuff , 1 g of titanium dioxide can put more than 450 cm2 in area painted white . It is commonly used white pigment than one - lithopone whiter five times , thus modulating the best white paint pigment . Titanium dioxide pigment used in the world , more than a year to tens of tons. Titanium dioxide can be added in a paper ,Xinnuo titanium standard part the paper white and opaque , the effect is 10 times larger than any other substance , therefore , we should banknote paper and art paper plus titanium dioxide. In addition , in order to lighten the color of the plastic to make rayon soft gloss, and sometimes also added titanium dioxide. In the rubber industry, titanium dioxide is also used as a filler of white rubber.
Titanium tetrachloride is an interesting liquid , which has a pungent smell shares , will be great in the wet air white smoke - it is hydrolyzed into white titanium dioxide hydrogel . In the military , people took advantage of titanium tetrachloride, which shares a strange temper, as artificial aerosols. Extraordinary in the ocean, water vapor and more, a release of titanium tetrachloride, a white smoke as the Great Wall , blocking the enemy's line of sight. In agriculture, the use of titanium tetrafluoride people to frost .
Barium titanate crystals have such characteristics : when it changes shape under pressure , generates electricity, a power will change the shape . Thus , the barium titanate in an ultrasonic people , and it will produce a current pressure , the size of the current generated by it can detect the strength of the ultrasonic wave . Conversely , a high frequency current through it , it can generate an ultrasonic wave. Now , almost all of the ultrasonic instrument, to be used in barium titanate .Xinnuo titanium stockists In addition, there are many uses of barium titanate . For example: railway workers put it on the tracks below , to measure the pressure when the train passed ; doctors use it made of pulse logger. Barium titanate to do with underwater detectors, underwater eye is sharp , it is not only able to see the fish , but also you can see the reef , icebergs and enemy submarines under the water and so on .
2014年1月14日星期二
Titanium plate filter widely degree
Titanium metal rods with special properties, including low density high strength , corrosion resistance, heat resistance, non-magnetic , non-toxic and good heat transfer performance , and therefore , titanium rods used in a wide range of different fields .
1 . Temperature
Titanium filter temperature up to 300 ° C, which is unmatched by other filters . This feature is widely used in high-temperature operating environment , and the filter polymer materials , its degree temperature difference , generally no more than 50 ° C, 50 ° C超过their support and there will be changes in membrane filtration precision large deviations . Even PTFE filter at above 120 ° C , external pressure 0.2MPa operating environment and long-term work also appears deformation and aging phenomena . The titanium rod filter can in this environment and long-term applications, the porous and non-occurrence of any change in appearance .
Widely used: filtration of hot liquids , steam filter ( filtering the fermentation process steam ) , the air filter or the like at room temperature .
2 good regeneration
Titanium rod filter has good regeneration , depending on its excellent corrosion resistance , high temperature performance and high strength properties, the reproducing process reproducing the physical methods and chemical regeneration methods in two ways:
Physical reproduction method : ( 1 ) water recoil ( 2 ) steam cleaning ( 3 ) Ultrasonic cleaning
Chemical treatment methods: ( 1 ) caustic ( 2 ) Pickling
The above processing method , the chemical treatment of the best methods of ultrasonic cleaning , the filtration efficiency is low attenuation , if the use or operation of the normal washing , the service life of up to two years , due to the excellent reproduction process titanium rod , the filter having the viscosity of the liquid has been widely used .
3 superior mechanical properties ( high strength )
Titanium rod filter with superior mechanical properties, external pressure 20Kg, internal pressure destructive 10Kg ( without joints experiment ) and therefore can be applied to large titanium rod pressure , rapid filtration process. Other polymer filter exceeds the external pressure 0.5MPa, the pore size may vary , even breakdown.
Applications: chemical manufacturing, pharmaceutical chemicals, compressed air filters , deep underwater gas distribution , gas distribution blistering coagulant .
4 corrosion
Titanium is an inert metal with excellent corrosion resistance of the titanium metal is titanium rod filter material , the filter can achieve a strong base , strong acid medium. It can be widely used in chemical industry, pharmaceutical industry , Production of organic plasmin filtration , due to the application of organic solvents such as : acetone , ethanol, methyl ethyl ketone , etc., if a filter with a polymer such as : PE, PP , etc. to filter cartridge , these organic solvents are easily dissolved , and the titanium rod in an organic solvent medium is quite stable , has been widely used .
5 titanium rod filter wide range of applications
( 1 ) Treatment
Superiority of titanium filter rods can make it widely used in the field of water treatment tittanium bars, ozone disinfection water treatment industry in the successful application , while the titanium rod driven applications , titanium rods oxidation resistance to violence in the ozone gas, ozone disinfection after a good water filtration applications .
High-strength titanium rod does not fall off, so Ro reverse osmosis water treatment industry, the security filter , electro-osmosis filtration security , security ultrafiltration system filters work well .
Titanium rod filter to replace the traditional mechanical filtration to achieve a small size, low cost, high efficiency , easy installation and regeneration.
( 2 ) Pharmaceutical Industry
With the implementation of pharmaceutical GMP , and titanium rods medicine infusion, a small injection, pharmaceutical intermediates widely used in filtering , currently 80% of the country 's injection, infusion manufacturers have applied .
In addition , non-toxic titanium and titanium rods with human tissue and blood has good compatibility, therefore , titanium , titanium, titanium rods and other materials are the medical community as an important material for human implantation titanium sheet.
1 . Temperature
Titanium filter temperature up to 300 ° C, which is unmatched by other filters . This feature is widely used in high-temperature operating environment , and the filter polymer materials , its degree temperature difference , generally no more than 50 ° C, 50 ° C超过their support and there will be changes in membrane filtration precision large deviations . Even PTFE filter at above 120 ° C , external pressure 0.2MPa operating environment and long-term work also appears deformation and aging phenomena . The titanium rod filter can in this environment and long-term applications, the porous and non-occurrence of any change in appearance .
Widely used: filtration of hot liquids , steam filter ( filtering the fermentation process steam ) , the air filter or the like at room temperature .
2 good regeneration
Titanium rod filter has good regeneration , depending on its excellent corrosion resistance , high temperature performance and high strength properties, the reproducing process reproducing the physical methods and chemical regeneration methods in two ways:
Physical reproduction method : ( 1 ) water recoil ( 2 ) steam cleaning ( 3 ) Ultrasonic cleaning
Chemical treatment methods: ( 1 ) caustic ( 2 ) Pickling
The above processing method , the chemical treatment of the best methods of ultrasonic cleaning , the filtration efficiency is low attenuation , if the use or operation of the normal washing , the service life of up to two years , due to the excellent reproduction process titanium rod , the filter having the viscosity of the liquid has been widely used .
3 superior mechanical properties ( high strength )
Titanium rod filter with superior mechanical properties, external pressure 20Kg, internal pressure destructive 10Kg ( without joints experiment ) and therefore can be applied to large titanium rod pressure , rapid filtration process. Other polymer filter exceeds the external pressure 0.5MPa, the pore size may vary , even breakdown.
Applications: chemical manufacturing, pharmaceutical chemicals, compressed air filters , deep underwater gas distribution , gas distribution blistering coagulant .
4 corrosion
Titanium is an inert metal with excellent corrosion resistance of the titanium metal is titanium rod filter material , the filter can achieve a strong base , strong acid medium. It can be widely used in chemical industry, pharmaceutical industry , Production of organic plasmin filtration , due to the application of organic solvents such as : acetone , ethanol, methyl ethyl ketone , etc., if a filter with a polymer such as : PE, PP , etc. to filter cartridge , these organic solvents are easily dissolved , and the titanium rod in an organic solvent medium is quite stable , has been widely used .
5 titanium rod filter wide range of applications
( 1 ) Treatment
Superiority of titanium filter rods can make it widely used in the field of water treatment tittanium bars, ozone disinfection water treatment industry in the successful application , while the titanium rod driven applications , titanium rods oxidation resistance to violence in the ozone gas, ozone disinfection after a good water filtration applications .
High-strength titanium rod does not fall off, so Ro reverse osmosis water treatment industry, the security filter , electro-osmosis filtration security , security ultrafiltration system filters work well .
Titanium rod filter to replace the traditional mechanical filtration to achieve a small size, low cost, high efficiency , easy installation and regeneration.
( 2 ) Pharmaceutical Industry
With the implementation of pharmaceutical GMP , and titanium rods medicine infusion, a small injection, pharmaceutical intermediates widely used in filtering , currently 80% of the country 's injection, infusion manufacturers have applied .
In addition , non-toxic titanium and titanium rods with human tissue and blood has good compatibility, therefore , titanium , titanium, titanium rods and other materials are the medical community as an important material for human implantation titanium sheet.
2014年1月13日星期一
Recognizing titanium , germanium , titanium bar and negative ion energy
Recognizing titanium (Ti)
Titanium is a single metal element , ranking in the first 22 chemical elements , titanium is a light texture , not rusty metal , due to the titanium ( Ti a ) soft texture, relative to its conductivity better ; " titanium " is generally used in metal jewelry reasons , because it has a light texture , non-allergic, anti-oxidation , processing and beautiful metal color, but generally claimed that the titanium industry will produce negative ions , which is the wrong idea ! Titanium metal element itself is positively charged , and will not produce negative ions, if according to the general industry said, titanium element can produce negative ions , then no titanium eyeglass frames can produce negative ions it? Hang titanium -framed glasses , you can not cure pain ? If the titanium can produce negative ions , why should an increase in germanium and titanium magnetic elements above it medical titanium bars? Therefore, the metal titanium jewelry, just simply beautiful, no allergies, no oxidation, good conductivity, excellent processing and nothing , not as general industry said exaggerate its effectiveness , just as gold has more than good ductility and conductivity of titanium resistance, this inference, gold jewelry do not hang more than titanium anion produced it?
2 . Understanding of germanium (Ge)
A. germanium metal element, belongs to non-ferrous metals , their characteristics as light texture, low ductility and brittle metal , the message in the study abroad, germanium to touch temperature of 32 degrees C or more, until the release of trace electronics , room temperature is a general metal elements, and can not play sparsely
Conduction electrons function , generally used in health jewelry , is guided by the temperature and balance the body electronics, relative, in the lack of contact surface temperature titanium pipe, or cold winter , its effect is difficult to play , so the jewelry germanium for health effect, has been in a gray area , the number of ions in the end release , currently there is no clear industry data .
Titanium is a single metal element , ranking in the first 22 chemical elements , titanium is a light texture , not rusty metal , due to the titanium ( Ti a ) soft texture, relative to its conductivity better ; " titanium " is generally used in metal jewelry reasons , because it has a light texture , non-allergic, anti-oxidation , processing and beautiful metal color, but generally claimed that the titanium industry will produce negative ions , which is the wrong idea ! Titanium metal element itself is positively charged , and will not produce negative ions, if according to the general industry said, titanium element can produce negative ions , then no titanium eyeglass frames can produce negative ions it? Hang titanium -framed glasses , you can not cure pain ? If the titanium can produce negative ions , why should an increase in germanium and titanium magnetic elements above it medical titanium bars? Therefore, the metal titanium jewelry, just simply beautiful, no allergies, no oxidation, good conductivity, excellent processing and nothing , not as general industry said exaggerate its effectiveness , just as gold has more than good ductility and conductivity of titanium resistance, this inference, gold jewelry do not hang more than titanium anion produced it?
2 . Understanding of germanium (Ge)
A. germanium metal element, belongs to non-ferrous metals , their characteristics as light texture, low ductility and brittle metal , the message in the study abroad, germanium to touch temperature of 32 degrees C or more, until the release of trace electronics , room temperature is a general metal elements, and can not play sparsely
Conduction electrons function , generally used in health jewelry , is guided by the temperature and balance the body electronics, relative, in the lack of contact surface temperature titanium pipe, or cold winter , its effect is difficult to play , so the jewelry germanium for health effect, has been in a gray area , the number of ions in the end release , currently there is no clear industry data .
2014年1月12日星期日
Difference Analysis of titanium plater and titanium
Only pure titanium element , it is difficult in the general environment are generally in the presence of a titanium case ... compounds. Even the market selling titanium metal jewelry , which can not be the real titanium is pure titanium. In the general case , the outermost layer of titanium would naturally thin titanium oxide.
Titanium dioxide is a compound itself already titanium pipe, and its chemical and physical characteristics are different from the original titanium , can not put together a comparison . Due to the relative stability of titanium dioxide , so the market is to add titanium dioxide white paint to get pure white .... White ingredients also titanium dioxide.
Some use physical sunscreen skin care products , titanium dioxide is also used to achieve the effect of the sun .
Titanium dioxide titanium dioxide is called in the industry , the price is not expensive .... applications are very wide ! Titanium itself non-toxic , so the majority of the titanium compound and is also related to non-toxic . Line of beauty in the material or related material coating lines , are easy to buy titanium dioxide. Currently titanium dioxide according to their molecular size, there is the general type and micron -type , or finer nanometer type ......
Although titanium dioxide itself is non-toxic,titanium stockist but if you are using a nano -grade titanium dioxide, should be especially careful when using avoid inhalation of too much process titanium dioxide nano particles into the lungs ! !
Titanium dioxide is a compound itself already titanium pipe, and its chemical and physical characteristics are different from the original titanium , can not put together a comparison . Due to the relative stability of titanium dioxide , so the market is to add titanium dioxide white paint to get pure white .... White ingredients also titanium dioxide.
Some use physical sunscreen skin care products , titanium dioxide is also used to achieve the effect of the sun .
Titanium dioxide titanium dioxide is called in the industry , the price is not expensive .... applications are very wide ! Titanium itself non-toxic , so the majority of the titanium compound and is also related to non-toxic . Line of beauty in the material or related material coating lines , are easy to buy titanium dioxide. Currently titanium dioxide according to their molecular size, there is the general type and micron -type , or finer nanometer type ......
Although titanium dioxide itself is non-toxic,titanium stockist but if you are using a nano -grade titanium dioxide, should be especially careful when using avoid inhalation of too much process titanium dioxide nano particles into the lungs ! !
2014年1月1日星期三
The percentage of iron in the titanium plate analysis method
Determination of titanium content of pig iron , general sample dissolution with sulfuric acid , nitric oxide , methane two diantipyrine spectrophotometry . In actual production , refining steel silicon content is not high , to the determination of silicon content in pig iron titanium is generally 0.50o / c ~ 0.70%. Can refer to the determination of titanium steel , acid-soluble salt samples directly , hydrogen peroxide , acid when adding color color , color accelerate the reaction rate . This test uses standard pig iron produced by the Panzhihua Iron and Steel Institute , the titanium content was 0.043% , 0.066% , 0.078% , 0.150% , 0.225% and 0.237% .
l Test Methods
1.1 Reagents and Instruments
Hydrochloric acid and p = 1.19g/ml
Hydrogen peroxide w (H202) = 30%
1% ascorbic acid solution
Chromotropic acid solution 1% ( chromotropic acid 1g, 5g ascorbic acid dissolved in 100ml of water and shake )
Two diantipyrine methane solution of 1% [ per 100mlHCI (1 +
1O) added 1g two diantipyrine methane ]
721 spectrophotometer
1.2 Analysis Methods
Sample Weigh 0.05g, placed 5Om1 dual vial , 5ml of hydrochloric acid were dissolved by heating . After the dissolution of the sample basically remove , add 1.5ml hydrogen peroxide coolish , reheating the sample is completely dissolved and evaporated to near dryness . Add 5ml of water , 20ml ascorbic acid solution , 2ml Chromotrope Rongrong , 5ml two diantipyrine chloride solution , diluted with water to the mark,
Shake well , dry with absorbent cotton filter . At 510nm wavelength, with 3cm cuvette with water as a reference, the absorbance was measured with a 721 spectrophotometer .
1.3 Work curve plotted
Respectively, with a titanium content of 0.043% , 0.15% , 0,237 % of
Standard iron , a method of operating at 1.2 , measured absorbance are shown in Table
Table 1 iron standard sample absorbance measured values
According to Table 1, the calibration curve data is plotted in Figure 1.
2 test data and analysis
2.1 Test Data Analysis
By 1.2 test method, the addition of three different titanium content of raw
Sample test repeated iron , based on the measured absorbance from Figure 1
Richard results are listed in Table 2 . According GBT223.16-91, National
Tolerance r:
lgr = a 1.5359 +0.80131 gm
Suitable titanium content of O. O1% ~ 2.4%.
2.2 Analysis of test results
1 ) the determination of titanium , the sample decomposition is an important part. Because the color is sulfuric acid or hydrochloric acid medium , using sulfuric smoke treatment is routine operation, but with a small amount of sulfuric smoke operations more difficult to master , easy to form insoluble salt precipitation , resulting in the failure analysis . So this experiment, a hydrochloric acid sample decomposition of hydrogen peroxide , so not only speed up the operation and avoid the muddy appearance .
2 ) sample dissolution process of hydrogen peroxide can be added or applied too early , otherwise it will lead to surface oxidation sample , the sample can not be completely dissolved. Hydrochloric acid can not be too much if the amount of hydrochloric acid, must be evaporated to near dryness .
3 ) If the silicon content in the sample is too high, decomposition of hydrofluoric acid may be added medical titanium plates. In general , the silicon content of the steel smelting between 0.35% to 0.85 %, so this method is suitable for blast furnace analysis .
4 ) high iron , alum and chromotropic acid and two diantipyrine methane can be color , but can be masked with ascorbic acid to eliminate interference . 5ml of water before adding ascorbic acid to reduce the temperature to avoid ascorbic
Acid when exposed to heat decomposition.
5 ) single color with chromotropic acid , not only low sensitivity , poor reagent stability and reagents dark background , not water as a blank , not suitable for rapid analysis . Single with two diantipyrine methane, although higher sensitivity , but the reagent consumption, the most important is the reaction is slow , not suitable for rapid analysis . With chromotropic acid twelve diantipyrine color can complement both defects.
3 Conclusion
1 ) This method highlights the rapidly this feature , the original method was some improvement, the test results are satisfactory, in line with national standards allowable error .
2 ) The test is simple to operate, only 5min to analyze a sample of pig iron - 6min. Suitable for rapid analysis of blast furnace .
3 ) analysis of the test reference titanium steel titanium whole distributors, high silicon iron has certain limitations.
l Test Methods
1.1 Reagents and Instruments
Hydrochloric acid and p = 1.19g/ml
Hydrogen peroxide w (H202) = 30%
1% ascorbic acid solution
Chromotropic acid solution 1% ( chromotropic acid 1g, 5g ascorbic acid dissolved in 100ml of water and shake )
Two diantipyrine methane solution of 1% [ per 100mlHCI (1 +
1O) added 1g two diantipyrine methane ]
721 spectrophotometer
1.2 Analysis Methods
Sample Weigh 0.05g, placed 5Om1 dual vial , 5ml of hydrochloric acid were dissolved by heating . After the dissolution of the sample basically remove , add 1.5ml hydrogen peroxide coolish , reheating the sample is completely dissolved and evaporated to near dryness . Add 5ml of water , 20ml ascorbic acid solution , 2ml Chromotrope Rongrong , 5ml two diantipyrine chloride solution , diluted with water to the mark,
Shake well , dry with absorbent cotton filter . At 510nm wavelength, with 3cm cuvette with water as a reference, the absorbance was measured with a 721 spectrophotometer .
1.3 Work curve plotted
Respectively, with a titanium content of 0.043% , 0.15% , 0,237 % of
Standard iron , a method of operating at 1.2 , measured absorbance are shown in Table
Table 1 iron standard sample absorbance measured values
According to Table 1, the calibration curve data is plotted in Figure 1.
2 test data and analysis
2.1 Test Data Analysis
By 1.2 test method, the addition of three different titanium content of raw
Sample test repeated iron , based on the measured absorbance from Figure 1
Richard results are listed in Table 2 . According GBT223.16-91, National
Tolerance r:
lgr = a 1.5359 +0.80131 gm
Suitable titanium content of O. O1% ~ 2.4%.
2.2 Analysis of test results
1 ) the determination of titanium , the sample decomposition is an important part. Because the color is sulfuric acid or hydrochloric acid medium , using sulfuric smoke treatment is routine operation, but with a small amount of sulfuric smoke operations more difficult to master , easy to form insoluble salt precipitation , resulting in the failure analysis . So this experiment, a hydrochloric acid sample decomposition of hydrogen peroxide , so not only speed up the operation and avoid the muddy appearance .
2 ) sample dissolution process of hydrogen peroxide can be added or applied too early , otherwise it will lead to surface oxidation sample , the sample can not be completely dissolved. Hydrochloric acid can not be too much if the amount of hydrochloric acid, must be evaporated to near dryness .
3 ) If the silicon content in the sample is too high, decomposition of hydrofluoric acid may be added medical titanium plates. In general , the silicon content of the steel smelting between 0.35% to 0.85 %, so this method is suitable for blast furnace analysis .
4 ) high iron , alum and chromotropic acid and two diantipyrine methane can be color , but can be masked with ascorbic acid to eliminate interference . 5ml of water before adding ascorbic acid to reduce the temperature to avoid ascorbic
Acid when exposed to heat decomposition.
5 ) single color with chromotropic acid , not only low sensitivity , poor reagent stability and reagents dark background , not water as a blank , not suitable for rapid analysis . Single with two diantipyrine methane, although higher sensitivity , but the reagent consumption, the most important is the reaction is slow , not suitable for rapid analysis . With chromotropic acid twelve diantipyrine color can complement both defects.
3 Conclusion
1 ) This method highlights the rapidly this feature , the original method was some improvement, the test results are satisfactory, in line with national standards allowable error .
2 ) The test is simple to operate, only 5min to analyze a sample of pig iron - 6min. Suitable for rapid analysis of blast furnace .
3 ) analysis of the test reference titanium steel titanium whole distributors, high silicon iron has certain limitations.
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