The use of Titanium

Currently, the production of titanium metal industry is to be Raul law, products of titanium sponge. Preparation is the traditional process of titanium sponge titanium by cast into ingots, and then processed titanium. Click the main steps to be made from titanium mining is the process:

Titanium -> Mining -> Beneficiation -> too concentrate -> enrichment -> Ti-rich material -> Chloride -> crude TiCl4-> Refined -> Pure TiCl4-> magnesium reduction -> titanium sponge -> Casting -> titanium ingots -> processing -> titanium or titanium parts if the above steps to get the rutile mining, enrichment is not necessary to go through, you can take direct chlorination of crude TiCI4. In addition, the casting operation should be a metallurgical process, but sometimes also included processes.

The above-described process refers to the process in terms of plastic working and casting. The plastic working method also includes forging, extruding, rolling, drawing and the like. It can be processed into a variety of sizes of titanium ingots cake timber, rings, plates, tubes, rods, profiles and other products, can also be made into various shapes casting parts, components.
Titanium and seamless titanium tube alloys have a large deformation resistance plastic processing; room temperature plasticity poor, yield strength and ultimate strength ratio is high, big rebound, notch sensitivity, deformation process easy and die bonding, heating time and easy adsorption of harmful gases and other characteristics, plastic working than steel, copper difficult.

Therefore, processing of titanium and titanium alloys thereof must consider these characteristics.

Titanium uses plastic processing, plus unlimited land size, but also to mass production, but a large amount of scrap lumber remnant low processing. Principles of titanium production process shown in Figure 1-1.

In response to these shortcomings medical titanium plastic processing, in recent years the development of titanium powder metallurgy process. Titanium powder metallurgy process and the same common powder metallurgy, the sintering must be carried out only under vacuum. It is suitable for the production of large quantities almost, small parts, especially for the production of complex parts. This method is almost no longer been processed, finished product rate, can make full use of titanium as raw material waste, and can reduce production costs, but can not produce large-size titanium member. Titanium powder metallurgy process: titanium powder (or titanium alloy powder) -> Screening -> Hybrid -> press forming -> Sintering -> Accessories -> titanium products.

titanium bars Production Process principles

In addition to titanium titanium, but the world has produced nearly 30 kinds of grades of titanium. The most widely used titanium alloy is Ti-6Al-4V, Ti-5Al-2.5Sn like. Our common titanium alloys and its components, as shown in Table 8-9.

Titanium compounds and uses

Important titanium compounds include: titanium dioxide (TiO2), titanium tetrachloride (TiCl4), partial barium titanate (BaTiO3).

Pure titanium dioxide is white powder, is an excellent white pigment, trade name "Titanium White." It combines white lead (PbCO3) covering performance and zinc white (ZnO) lasting performance. Therefore, it is often added to grade 2 titanium wire dioxide in the paint, white paint made from advanced; in the paper industry as a filler added to the pulp; the textile industry as rayon matting agent; on glass, ceramic, enamel industry as additives to improve their performance; used as a catalyst in many chemical reactions. In today's growing chemical industry, titanium dioxide and titanium compounds as fine chemical products, with high added value, the prospects are very attractive. Titanium tetrachloride is a colorless liquid; mp 250K, the boiling point of 409K, there are prepared odorous. It is in water or moist air are easily hydrolyzed, smoke a lot of white smoke.

TiCl4 + 3H2O == H2TiO3 + 4HCl

Therefore TiCl4 in the military as artificial aerosols, which are still used in marine warfare. In agriculture, the formation of fog covered it with TiCl4 ground floor at night to reduce heat loss, protect vegetables and crops from cold, frost damage.

The TiO2 and BaCO3 obtained partial melt together barium titanate:

TiO2 + BaCO3 == BaTiO3 ten CO2 & shy;

Artificial obtained BaTiO3 having a high dielectric constant, the capacitor made therefrom has a larger capacity, more importantly BaTiO3 significant "piezoelectric properties", the crystal under pressure will produce electricity, a power, and changes shape. People put it in the ultrasound, which will produce a current pressure, the intensity can be measured by measuring the current intensity of the ultrasound. Almost all of the ultrasonic instrument should be used to it. With the development and utilization of titanates, which more and more widely used to make non-linear element, an amplifier medium, computer memory device, the mini-capacitors, electroplating materials, aerospace materials, magnetic, semiconductor materials, optical instruments, reagents, etc. .

Titanium, thin titanium sheet alloys and titanium compounds excellent performance prompted urgent human needs them. However, high production costs, so the application is limited. We believe that in the near future, with the titanium smelting technology continues to improve and enhance the use of compounds of titanium, titanium and titanium will be greater development.

Characteristics of titanium and titanium alloys

Titanium is a silvery white metal, it has many excellent performance. The density of titanium was 4.54g / cm3, 43% lighter than steel, lighter than the prestigious magnesium slightly heavier. Mechanical strength of steel but with similar, more than twice as large as aluminum, magnesium than five times. Titanium, high temperature, the melting point of 1942K, higher than that of gold near 1000K, higher than that of steel nearly 500K.

Chemical properties of titanium alloy sheet are relatively active metal. Can be non-metallic effect with O2, N2, H2, S, and halogen when heated. However, at room temperature, dense titanium oxide surface protection film is easy to generate a very thin layer, can resist strong acid or aqua regia role, showing strong corrosion resistance. Thus, the general metal becomes riddled with acid, alkali, salt solution, and titanium are safe and sound.

Dissolve almost all of the liquid titanium metal, and a variety of metals can be formed alloy. Join prepared titanium steel titanium steel tough and elastic. Titanium metal Al, Sb, Be, Cr, Fe, etc. generated between interstitial compound or metal compound.

The same aircraft titanium bar for sale alloy aircraft heavier than other metals contained more than 100 passengers. Made submarines, both seawater corrosion resistance, but also anti-deep pressure, the dive depth increased by 80% compared to stainless steel submarine. Meanwhile, titanium rod for sale non-magnetic, not mine found, with good anti-guardianship role.

Vanadium has a "pro-biotic" 'sex. In the human body, can resist corrosion and non-toxic secretions, adapt to any sterilization methods. It is widely used in making medical devices, making artificial hip, knee, shoulder, threatening joints, skull, active heart valves, bone clip. When a new package in these muscles annulus "titanium-bone", these titanium bone began to maintain the body's normal activities.

Titanium is widely distributed in the body, in an amount of normal body weight not more than 70kg per 15mg, its role is unclear. But titanium can stimulate phagocytic cells, so that the immune system has been proven to enhance this effect.

Plastic processing technology and titanium Titanium's direction

Titanium plastic processing industry is a high energy consumption industries, hot rolling, annealing and heat treatment operations require higher energy consumption. Reduce energy consumption in the production of grade 1 titanium wire processing, help to reduce the cost and energy savings. Titanium way to solve the problem of high energy consumption in industrial production mainly rely on technological progress, improved technology, the development of energy-efficient technology, the development of automatic control technology, the development of energy-saving technologies titanium processing. Titanium plastic processing technology to achieve large-scale and continuous production process mechanization and automation, the process uses computer-controlled operation, in order to improve labor productivity. Large foreign titanium forgings overall use of 45kt or 75kt forging hydraulic press repression.
Plastic processing titanium and titanium alloys have large deformation resistance, poor room temperature ductility, yield strength and ultimate strength ratio is high, big rebound, notch sensitivity, deformation process easy and die bonding, heating time and easy absorption of harmful gases and other characteristics. Titanium plastic working than titanium, copper difficult. Titanium and titanium alloys processing must consider these characteristics thereof. Titanium and seamless titanium tube alloys using plastic processing, processing size is not limited, but also to mass production. Titanium processing plastic processing is the dominant approach, most of titanium products are produced using this method.
Currently, the traditional method of processing a titanium material mainly plastic processing, three methods of casting and powder metallurgy. Plastic machining process for titanium sponge titanium is cast into ingots, and then processed into titanium. The plastic working method comprising forging, rolling, extrusion, drawing, punching, spinning, etc., through which plastic working method may be processed into a variety of titanium ingot shapes and sizes of plates, tapes, ribbons, foils, tubes, rods, type, wire, forgings and stampings and other products.
Energy saving
From titanium and titanium alloy ingots to finished parts, the finished product was only 10% -20%, therefore, recycling residual titanium and its alloys become lower costs and expand critical applications. Titanium and titanium grade 2 sheet residual waste sources is very wide, titanium scrap titanium ingot produced (cut head, trimming and picking dander) about 5%; titanium processing timber residues generated (odd bits and scraps) accounted for about 40% ~ 60%; machined from titanium to titanium products produced residual titanium (feed head, corner crumbs) about 50% to 75%; waste is also a source of titanium products.
Due to a large amount of residual titanium scrap, utilization promising. Therefore, some countries have established a special scrap metal recycling companies, specializing in the comprehensive utilization of waste residue of titanium, using special equipment and technology, large-scale, highly automated engaged residual titanium scrap recycling.
Recycling of waste in the residual titanium, in particular to strengthen the management of residual titanium scrap, do not let the waste residual titanium mixed with varying degrees of oxidation. It is easy to be processed separately according to different types of residual titanium scrap following four cases:
(1) uncontaminated residual titanium, including processed odd bits and titanium scrap, a large quantity of good quality, you should try to add as titanium ingot melting material, doped titanium sponge titanium blocks squeezed into use, can reduce processing costs;
(2) Waste titanium sponge and titanium scrap massive head, different titanium scrap, its purity and composition, respectively ilmenite industry as alloying additions, or as raw material for the preparation of titanium powder;
(3) titanium powder and titanium powder endures, as the fireworks industry should knock agent, but also as a preparation of the aluminum industry, additives and titanium powder metallurgy products, raw materials;
(4) mixing or impurities of titanium shavings and waste can be processed into high-ilmenite titanium block, such as 70 ilmenite (titanium 70%). With the increase of ilmenite additives industry demand for high-titanium alloy to titanium scrap as the main raw material of high-titanium alloy, much of the market. Currently titanium scrap as raw material to produce high ilmenite million tons annual output has reached around the world.

TIP of titanium and titanium alloys

Titanium is a refractory metal of a light metal, a density of 4.5 g / cm3, 57% only of iron. Strength titanium alloy with high strength comparable to steel, but also has good heat resistance and low temperature performance, long-term work at certain alloy between 450 ℃ ~ 550 ℃ and minus 250 ℃.
Circular blade cutter suitable for milling material titanium, because they may be appropriate to change the main angle. As long as these cutters equipped with special blades and apply the correct cutting parameters, under normal circumstances can improve the stability and overall performance. Feed per tooth should be set to the minimum amount, which is crucial.

Titanium and titanium - titanium milling need the right conditions compared with most other metal materials processing, titanium processing requires not only higher, but more limited. This is because the alloy has metallurgical characteristics and material properties and cutting action may have a serious impact on the material itself. However, if you select the appropriate tools and use them correctly and in accordance with the requirements of the medical titanium alloy processing tools and configuration optimization to the best condition, then fully meet these requirements, and obtain satisfactory performance and perfect results. Many of the problems of traditional titanium metal processing encountered is not inevitable, as long as the properties of titanium to overcome the effects of the process, we can succeed.

Various properties of titanium parts and materials to become a powerful attraction, but many of the properties but also affect its workability. Titanium has excellent strength - weight ratio, which is usually only 60% of the density of steel. Titanium elastic coefficient lower than steel, so the texture is harder, better deflection. Erosion-resistant stainless steel is better than titanium, and low thermal conductivity. These properties mean that titanium metal in the process will produce higher and higher concentration of cutting force. It is prone to vibrations caused by the tremor occurred while cutting; and, it is easy to react with cutting tool materials in cutting Shihai, thus exacerbating the crater wear. In addition, its thermal conductivity is poor, mainly because of the heat in the cutting area, so the processing of titanium metal tool must have a high thermal hardness.

Stability is the key to success lies

Some machine shops find it difficult effective titanium processing, but this view does not represent the development trend of modern processing methods and tools. The difficulty, in part because of the titanium metal processing is an emerging technology, the lack of useful experience. In addition, the difficulties often associated with the operator's experience and expectations related, especially some people have become accustomed to cast iron or low-alloy steel and other materials, processing methods, the processing requirements of these materials is generally low. In contrast, it seems that titanium metal processing is more difficult, because they can not use the same tool during machining and at the same rate, and the tool life is also different. Even compared with some stainless steel, titanium metal processing difficulty also still high. While we can say that the processing of titanium must take different speeds and feed rates and certain precautions. In fact, most of the material compared with the material, titanium is also a fully machined directly. As long as titanium workpieces stable clamping firm, choosing the right tools, the right motivation, good working conditions, and is equipped with a shorter tool overhang of ISO 50 spindle, all problems will be solved - as long as the cutting tool correctly.

However, in actual milling, titanium required for processing is not easy to satisfy all of the conditions, because the ideal conditions do not always have stabilized. In addition, the shape of many parts of titanium alloy wire complex and may contain many fine or deep cavity, thin-walled, bevel and thin bracket. To be successful processing of these parts, you need to use a large overhang, small diameter tools, which will affect the stability of the tool. In the processing of titanium metal, are often easier to potential stability problems.

Must consider the vibration and heat

Non-ideal environment also includes other factors, one of which is that the majority of the current machine is IS0 40 spindle assembly. If the use of high-strength machines, can not long maintain a new knife state. In addition, if the part structure is more complex, usually difficult to effectively clamped. Of course, the challenge does not stop there, the cutting process is sometimes necessary for full slot milling, side cut or contour milling, all of which are likely (but not necessarily) the formation of vibration and poor cutting conditions. Importantly, when setting the machine, you must always pay attention to improve the stability of the trend in order to avoid vibration. Vibration can cause chipping blade, blade damage and produce the results unpredictable and inconsistent. An improved measure is to adopt a multi-stage clamping the part closer to the spindle to help offset the vibration.

Since titanium metal at a high temperature can maintain its hardness and strength, and thus the cutting edge will experience high forces and stresses, together with heat generated in the cutting zone, means that the work hardening is likely to occur, which causes some problems generating, particularly those affecting the subsequent cutting step. Therefore, choose the best indexable insert grades and geometries are critical to the success of the process. Past history has proven, fine-grained non-coated insert grades are very suitable for titanium metal processing; now insert grades have more PVD titanium coating can greatly improve performance.

Baoji Titanium Industry become the leading region

Along with a complete industrial chain gradually formed titanium, Baoji high-tech zones ushered in a new development opportunity - NDRC approved the establishment of the country's new high-tech industry base material. To speed up the bases, Baoji high-tech zones standard preparation of the "National Baoji high-tech industry base construction and new materials development plan," an area of ​​45 square kilometers planned total investment of 18.9 billion yuan in 43 key projects.

Baoji high-tech zones to realize that the future of the competition is mainly competitive technological innovation, and therefore to increase support for innovation. Today, Baoji high-tech zones and new materials industry base metals with a large number of outstanding experts, professionals accounted for 42% of the total number of employees; the formation of a number of leading level of scientific and technological achievements, has three state-level enterprise technical centers, the National class R & D center, testing center and laboratory, a Shaanxi 13115 Engineering Technology Research Center, two post-doctoral and academician workstation, has made 571 major scientific and technological achievements.

In February 2011, with a total investment of over 100 million yuan of Baoji Titanium material application technology innovation service centers listed in the national key industries innovation and high-tech industrialization projects. The project will build a comprehensive information network service platform, titanium materials testing pilot comprehensive laboratory testing, the four public technical service platform for integrated training services platform and business investment and financing service platform.

April 2011, Shaanxi Province titanium and rare metal materials industry alliance founded in Baoji. The Alliance as a connecting government, business and market the bridge and link, to assist the Government to guide the healthy and orderly development of titanium and rare metal materials industry. Not long ago, Shaanxi Province, titanium and rare metal materials Industry Alliance annual meeting held in Baoji High-tech Zone, Baoji Titanium Group, more than 60 affiliate companies jointly issued by the initiative: Enhanced innovation capacity of intellectual property, build a new titanium industry cluster. Industrial Alliance in technical exchanges and personnel training, industry incubation and development funds and other investment and financing advisory services, at home and abroad to strengthen titanium and rare metal materials industry organizations, exchanges and cooperation in terms of units provide convenient conditions.

Started "Titanium Valley" brand

With gradually formed a complete industrial chain, and constantly improve the environment for innovation, Baoji high-tech zones to create a number of well-known brand products, "Baoji Titanium" brand 500 Chinese listed companies, its titanium ingots, titanium, titanium rods titanium powder, titanium wire and other production equipment, technology, production capacity of the first rank. By the end of last year, Baoji Titanium materials and high-tech zones product output has accounted for 85% of the total domestic production, accounting for 22 percent of the world's total output of titanium. "· China Baoji Titanium Valley" growing influence "· China Baoji Titanium Valley" Titanium Industry Cluster success among the first batch of innovative industrial clusters Ministry of Construction of pilot primary list. "Titanium Valley" effect has attracted so many carrier-class large project: Asia's largest grade 1 titanium wire powder companies Baoji First High-tech Zone, Baoji Titanium Industry Company settled; invest 200 million yuan of Taiwan Walsin shares owned "special steel plate material production projects." High-tech Zone in Baoji completed, become the largest production base plate material; by the State Nuclear Power Technology Corporation and Baoji Titanium Group invested 2.6 billion yuan of national nuclear grade zirconium Center and R & D and testing of nuclear grade zirconium production line project located in Baoji High-tech Zone formed a complete industrial system of nuclear grade zirconium sponge, including nuclear grade zirconium, zirconium alloy smelting, processing materials such as zirconium, fill our production of nuclear grade zirconium blank.

Today, high-tech zones, Baoji grade 4 titanium companies export more than 4,000 tons of various types of titanium products are exported to Europe, America and other countries and regions, and with the American Boeing, Airbus France, the UK Rolls-Royce and other internationally renowned company to achieve cooperation, accelerating the pace of international cooperation. Currently, "Baoji Titanium Valley · China" industrial clusters has become an important part of the world titanium industry. "By 2015, '· China Baoji Titanium Valley' industrial clusters will form the backbone of enterprise 10-15, the output value of 15-20 billion business, 10 billion enterprise 3-5 at home to achieve annual sales income 650 billion, exports will reach $ 1 billion. "deputy mayor of Baoji City, Baoji High-tech Zone Party Working Committee, said Wang Lin, then, a set of R & D, manufacturing and sales of Chinese" Titanium Valley "will really take shape.

Assistant to the mayor of Baoji City, Baoji Hi-tech Zone main introduced, with "off - Tianshui Economic Zone Development Plan" in-depth implementation, 2015, Baoji Titanium Industry Base will realize annual sales income of 65 billion yuan, exports worth $ 1 billion. By then, Baoji high-tech zones will become world famous, the domestic first-class high-tech industry base of new materials and the largest and most complete variety of medical grade titanium alloy and precious metal trading center, "· China Baoji Titanium Valley" brand will be known internationally.

Manufacture of titanium metal foil material and shaped wire

1, a titanium metal foil material and method of producing shaped wire, characterized by: having a certain diameter titanium wire or rod through the horizontal rolling technique to the metal foil or profiled wire.

2. A method for producing titanium metal foil and shaped wire claims, characterized in that said horizontal rolling method is the two rollers and / or multi-roll mill, with hot or cold working or warm working methods, the use of conventional flat rolls or grooved rolls or convex roller, the titanium standards metal rod or a titanium wire of a certain size to make a single or repeated rolling rolled titanium foil material thickness and width to the desired.

3. A titanium foil material and method of producing shaped wire according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the metal wire or bar refers to tantalum and niobium ﹑ ﹑ ﹑ molybdenum tungsten ﹑ titanium and its alloys.

4, according to Claim titanium wire price foil material and method of producing shaped wire 1 or 2 or 3 or claim, characterized in that: said metal wire or rod diameter of not more than 10mm.

5. The metal foil strip and a method of manufacturing a shaped or wire according to claim 2 or 3, wherein: the titanium metal foil or wire shaped cross-sectional area of ​​not more than 78.5mm2.

6, according to a titanium metal foil material and method of producing shaped wire 1 or 2 or 3 or claim, characterized in that: the annealing process in a horizontal rolling.

7, according to the titanium foil and a method of manufacturing shaped wire according to claim 6, wherein: said annealing means in the vacuum state, incubated for 30 to 60 minutes at a temperature of 900 ℃ ~ 1050 ℃.
I always adhere to the "sincerity cast brand, quality weaving first" principle, adhere to the scientific management, relying on leading technology service to every customer for the purpose.

Analysis: This year the development trend of China's titanium

In recent years, China's government encourages industry to develop titanium dioxide chloride process titanium dioxide production, it is reported that "five" at the end of the chloride process titanium dioxide production capacity of over 600,000 tons, accounting for 24.2% of new capacity. In this environment, the experts put forward for China's actual situation, the current stage of development is not yet mature chlorination period, there are still many negative factors, such as: the chloride process baoji titanium industry dioxide production technology development is seriously lagging behind, chlorination the key technology of titanium dioxide has been monopolized by foreign companies, until now that we do not own our own core technology, key technology and difficult to introduce; there are still many problems in key equipment; titanium dioxide industry is less high-tech talent, and in the application and proprietary product research, researchers developed less, resulting in the related downstream industries and fields combined with inadequate and other issues, in addition, according to experts, the main raw material chlorination of rutile ore-based, global DuPont only a successful use of ilmenite mine production of chloride process grade 1 titanium sheet dioxide. It is well known not only taste rutile ore in China is low, difficult to exploit, and scarce yield, and domestic development chloride, raw materials will be the first major bottleneck; Experts say that while the chloride advanced than the sulfuric acid method, but it is also a big environmental problem, he claiming inherited from environmental problems and trouble, while DuPont delays up production bases in mainland China but also because of its waste treatment methods chloride process so far run aground.

According to statistics, China's titanium dioxide production capacity increased sharply in 2015 to nearly 500 million tons of sulfuric acid production there are outstanding issues throughout the product quality titanium dioxide industry comparison with developed countries there are still a wide gap between the quality, performance and dedicated on ; key equipment titanium dioxide production process exists and uneven development of other industries, such as in a relatively backward state; outstanding issues face our titanium dioxide industry, the experts pointed out that China titanium foil for sale dioxide business through mergers and acquisitions among enterprises need to optimize productivity . The main raw material from stable, improve equipment and increase the level of automation, optimization of circular economy three aspects.

Titanium resources in the world to the brink of an increasingly depleted, especially titanium resource development of technology is not yet mature, and then a steady supply of raw materials will become a solid foundation of corporate sustainability; advanced technology and equipment and reduce human disturbance efficient automated production level is also essential; in addition, China's titanium dioxide business must follow the global trend of sustainable development, and constantly optimize the industrial chain and product architecture, the development of circular economy.

First, one should take the road of technological innovation, technological innovation are essential for any business; secondly to the path of specific products, the future is more and more products and services to market segmentation, targeted special type mainstream product is market development.

The eastward shift of the global titanium dioxide market, "China fever" has been a fait accompli, both production and consumption markets will be the world's attention, to grasp the opportunity of China's titanium dioxide industry is full of sunshine.